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In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -C4H9 . It is derived from either of the two isomers of the alkane called butane.

Each of the two isomers of butane give rise to two isomers of the butyl substituent. Thus, n-butane can connect at either the terminal or an internal carbon atoms, giving rise to "n-butyl" and "sec-butyl" substituents.

n-Butyl group: CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2– (fully systematic name: butyl)
sec-Butyl group: CH3–CH2–CH(CH3)– (fully systematic name: 1-methylpropyl)
The second, branched isomer of butane, isobutane can also connect either terminal methyl or internal carbon atoms, giving rise to "isobutyl" and "tertiary butyl" substituents, respectively.

Isobutyl group: (CH3)2CH–CH2– (fully systematic name: 2-methylpropyl)
tert-Butyl group: (CH3)3C– (fully systematic name: 1,1-dimethylethyl)